Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-10 Juni 2022, ngokuvumelana nezincomo zesikhashana ezibuyekeziwe.
I-WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) ikhiphe izincomo zesikhashana zokusebenzisa umuthi wokugomela i-Sinopharm ngokumelene ne-COVID-19.Lesi sihloko sinikeza isifinyezo salezo zincomo zesikhashana;ungafinyelela idokhumenti yomhlahlandlela ogcwele lapha.
Nakhu okumele ukwazi.
Ubani ongagonywa?
Umuthi wokugoma uphephile futhi uyasebenza kubo bonke abantu abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu.Ngokuhambisana ne-WHO Prioritization Roadmap kanye ne-WHO Values Framework, abantu abadala asebekhulile, abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nabantu abangenawo amandla amasosha omzimba kufanele kubekwe eqhulwini.
Umuthi wokugomela i-Sinopharm unganikezwa abantu abake baba ne-COVID-19 esikhathini esidlule.Kodwa abantu bangakhetha ukuhlehlisa ukugoma izinyanga ezi-3 kulandela ukutheleleka.
Ingabe abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo kufanele bagonywe?
Idatha etholakalayo yomgomo we-COVID-19 i-Sinopharm kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ayanele ukuhlola ukusebenza komgomo noma ubungozi obuhlobene nomgomo ekukhulelweni.Kodwa-ke, lo mgomo uwumuthi wokugoma ongasasebenzi onomuthi wokugoma osetshenziswa njalo kweminye imigomo eminingi enephrofayili yokuphepha ebhaliwe, okuhlanganisa nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe.Ukusebenza komgomo we-COVID-19 i-Sinopharm kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngakho-ke kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhathaniswe nalokho okubonwa kwabesifazane abangakhulelwe abaneminyaka efanayo.
Okwamanje, i-WHO incoma ukusetshenziswa komgomo we-COVID-19 i-Sinopharm kwabesifazane abakhulelwe lapho izinzuzo zokugoma kowesifazane okhulelwe zidlula ubungozi obungaba khona.Ukusiza abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi benze lokhu kuhlola, kufanele banikezwe ulwazi mayelana nezingozi ze-COVID-19 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokugoma esimweni sendawo se-epidemiological;kanye nemikhawulo yamanje yedatha yokuphepha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.I-WHO ayikuncomi ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokugoma.I-WHO ayikukhuthazi ukubambezeleka kokukhulelwa noma ukucabanga ukuqeda ukukhulelwa ngenxa yokugoma.
Ukusebenza komgomo kulindeleke ukuthi kufane kwabesifazane abancelisa ibele njengabanye abantu abadala.I-WHO incoma ukusetshenziswa komgomo we-COVID-19 i-Sinopharm ekunceliseni abesifazane njengakwabanye abantu abadala.I-WHO ayikukhuthazi ukuyeka ukuncelisa ibele ngemva kokugoma.
Ubani umuthi wokugoma onganconyelwe?
Abantu abanomlando we-anaphylaxis kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomgomo akufanele bawuthathe.
Noma ubani onezinga lokushisa lomzimba elingaphezu kuka-38.5ºC kufanele ahlehlise ukugoma aze angabe esaba nomkhuhlane.
Ingabe iphephile?
I-SAGE ihlole ngokucophelela idatha yekhwalithi, ukuphepha nokusebenza komgomo futhi isincome ukusetshenziswa kwawo kubantu abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu.
Idatha yokuphepha ikhawulelwe kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala (ngenxa yenani elincane labahlanganyeli ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo).Nakuba kungekho mehluko kuphrofayela yokuphepha yomgomo kubantu abadala asebekhulile uma kuqhathaniswa namaqembu amancane angalindelwe, amazwe acabanga ukusebenzisa lo mgomo kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-60 kufanele agcine ukuqapha okusebenzayo kokuphepha.
Usebenza kangakanani umgomo?
Uhlolo olukhulu lwamazwe amaningi lweSigaba sesi-3 lubonise ukuthi imithamo emi-2, ephathwa ngesikhawu sezinsuku ezingama-21, inamandla angama-79% ekuthelelekeni ngezimpawu ze-SARS-CoV-2 ezinsukwini eziyi-14 noma ngaphezulu ngemuva komthamo wesibili.Umuthi wokugoma wokulaliswa esibhedlela wawungu-79%.
Ukuhlolwa akuzange kuklanywe futhi kunikezwe amandla okukhombisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni nezifo ezinzima kubantu abanokugula okugulayo, abakhulelwe, noma kubantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu.Abesifazane bebengamelwenga kakhulu ecaleni.Isikhathi esimaphakathi sokulandelela esitholakala ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kobufakazi kwakuyizinsuku eziyi-112.
Okunye ukuhlola okubili kokusebenza ngempumelelo kuyaqhubeka kodwa idatha ayikatholakali.
Yimuphi umthamo onconywayo?
I-SAGE incoma ukusetshenziswa komgomo we-Sinopharm njengemithamo emi-2 (0.5 ml) enikezwe nge-intramuscularly.
I-SAGE incoma ukuthi umthamo owengeziwe wesithathu womgomo we-Sinopharm unikezwe abantu abaneminyaka engu-60 nangaphezulu njengengxenye yokwengezwa kochungechunge oluyinhloko.Idatha yamanje ayibonisi isidingo somthamo owengeziwe kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
I-SAGE incoma ukuthi abantu abaqinile futhi abangenaso isifo sokuzivikela ezifweni kufanele banikezwe umthamo owengeziwe womgomo.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi leli qembu mancane amathuba okuba liphendule ngokwanele ekugomeni kulandela uchungechunge olujwayelekile lokugoma oluyisisekelo futhi lisengozini enkulu yesifo esibi se-COVID-19.
I-WHO incoma isikhawu samaviki ama-3-4 phakathi komthamo wokuqala nowesibili wochungechunge oluyinhloko.Uma umthamo wesibili unikezwa ngaphansi kwamaviki ama-3 ngemuva kokuqala, umthamo awudingi ukuphindwa.Uma ukusetshenziswa komthamo wesibili kubambezeleke ngaphezu kwamaviki ama-4, kufanele kunikezwe ngokushesha okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.Lapho unikeza umthamo owengeziwe kwabangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, i-SAGE incoma ukuthi amazwe ekuqaleni kufanele ahlose ukukhulisa ukumbozwa kwemithamo emi-2 kuleso sibalo sabantu, futhi ngemva kwalokho anikeze umthamo wesithathu, kuqalwe ngamaqembu eminyaka yobudala amadala kakhulu.
Ingabe umthamo we-booster uyanconywa kulo mgomo?
Umthamo we-booster ungase ucatshangelwe ezinyangeni ezi-4 - 6 ngemva kokuphothulwa kochungechunge oluyinhloko lokugoma, kuqalwe ngamaqembu okusebenzisa okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokuhambisana ne-WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Izinzuzo zokugoma i-booster zibonwa kulandela ubufakazi obandayo bokusebenza kokugoma okunciphayo ngokumelene nokutheleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 okuthambile futhi okungenayo izimpawu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kungaba i-homologous (umkhiqizo wokugoma ohlukile ku-Sinopharm) noma i-heterologous (i-booster dose ye-Sinopharm) ingasetshenziswa.Ucwaningo olwenziwa e-Bahrain lwathola ukuthi ukukhuliswa kwe-heterologous kubangele ukusabela okuphezulu kokuzivikela komzimba uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhushulwa kwe-homologous.
Ingabe lo mgomo 'ungaxutshwa futhi uqhathaniswe' neminye imithi yokugoma?
I-SAGE yamukela imithamo emibili ye-heterologous yemithi yokugomela ye-WHO EUL COVID-19 njengochungechunge oluyinhloko oluphelele.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuzivikela komzimba okulingana noma okuhle noma ukusebenza kokugoma kwemithi yokugoma ye-WHO EUL COVID-19 mRNA (Pfizer noma iModerna) noma imigomo ye-WHO EUL COVID-19 vectored (AstraZeneca Vaxzevria/COVISHIELD noma i-Janssen) ingasetshenziswa njengomthamo wesibili olandela i- umthamo wokuqala ngomuthi wokugoma we-Sinopharm uncike ekutholakaleni komkhiqizo.
Ingabe kuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye nokudluliselwa?
Okwamanje ayikho idatha ebambekayo etholakalayo ehlobene nomthelela we-Sinopharm ekudluliselweni kwe-SARS-CoV-2, igciwane elibangela isifo se-COVID-19.
Okwamanje, i-WHO ikhumbuza ngesidingo sokugcina nokuqinisa izindlela zezempilo zomphakathi ezisebenzayo: ukuvala ubuso, ukuqhelelana ngokomzimba, ukugeza izandla, ukuhlanzeka kokuphefumula nokukhwehlela, ukugwema izixuku kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kungena umoya owanele.
Ingabe isebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezintsha zegciwane le-SARS-CoV-2?
I-SAGE njengamanje incoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe lo mgomo, ngokusho kwe-WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Njengoba idatha entsha itholakala, i-WHO izobuyekeza izincomo ngokufanele.Lo mgomo awukahlolwa esimweni sokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezisabalele zokukhathazeka.
Ngabe lo mgomo uqhathaniswa kanjani neminye imithi yokugoma esivele isetshenziswa?
Ngeke siqhathanise imithi yokugoma ikhanda nekhanda ngenxa yezindlela ezehlukene ezithathiwe ekuklameni izifundo ezifanele, kodwa sekukonke, yonke imithi yokugoma ezuze Uhlu Lwezimo Eziphuthumayo ze-WHO iphumelela kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izifo ezinzima kanye nokulaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa ye-COVID-19. .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-15-2022